Ginkgo wood is classified as a hardwood, which is a type of wood derived from dicotyledonous trees. Hardwoods are known for their durability, strength, and resistance to decay, making them highly sought after for various applications. The Ginkgo biloba tree, also known as the maidenhair tree, is the sole living species of the Ginkgoales division, and its wood is prized for its unique properties.

Ginkgo wood is particularly notable for its high density and hardness, which is on par with oak and hickory. This makes it suitable for use in furniture, flooring, and construction projects where strength and longevity are crucial. The wood also has a distinct grain pattern and a rich, golden color, which adds aesthetic appeal to any project. Additionally, Ginkgo wood is highly resistant to insects and decay, making it an excellent choice for outdoor applications.

The hardness of Ginkgo wood is attributed to its high lignin content, which is a natural polymer that provides structural support. Lignin also contributes to the wood's resistance to moisture and decay. According to the Wood Database, Ginkgo wood has a Janka hardness rating of 2,200 lbf (pounds-force), which is comparable to other hardwoods like oak and hickory. This high hardness rating indicates that Ginkgo wood is suitable for heavy-duty applications where other woods may not suffice.

The unique properties of Ginkgo wood are further enhanced by its slow growth rate. The tree is known for its longevity, with some specimens believed to be over 2,500 years old. This slow growth results in a dense, compact wood with exceptional strength and durability. The combination of these factors makes Ginkgo wood a valuable resource for artisans and craftsmen who seek high-quality materials for their projects.

In conclusion, Ginkgo wood is a type of hardwood that is highly valued for its strength, durability, and aesthetic appeal. Its high lignin content and slow growth rate contribute to its exceptional properties, making it a sought-after material for various applications. With a Janka hardness rating of 2,200 lbf, Ginkgo wood is comparable to other hardwoods like oak and hickory, and its resistance to insects and decay makes it an ideal choice for outdoor use.