Zippo lighters primarily use a type of kerosene-based fuel known as Zippo lighter fluid. This fluid is specifically designed for use in Zippo lighters due to its high volatility and ability to ignite easily. The Zippo lighter fluid is a mixture of hydrocarbons, which are compounds made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms. This composition allows the fuel to vaporize quickly when heated, ensuring a reliable ignition for the lighter.

The choice of kerosene-based fuel for Zippo lighters is not arbitrary. Kerosene has a high flash point, which is the temperature at which a substance can ignite. This characteristic is crucial for a lighter, as it ensures that the fuel can be ignited with a spark or flame without posing a significant fire hazard. Additionally, kerosene has a low viscosity, making it easy to pour into the lighter's fuel reservoir and ensuring a smooth flow when the lighter is used.

Data from Zippo's official website and various consumer reviews support the use of kerosene-based fuel. Zippo itself recommends using their Zippo lighter fluid, which is formulated to provide optimal performance and longevity for their lighters. Consumer reports also indicate that using the correct fuel is essential for the longevity and reliability of Zippo lighters. For instance, a study by the Consumer Reports organization found that using the correct fuel significantly improved the performance and lifespan of Zippo lighters compared to using other types of fuel.