The 3D effect on computers is achieved through a combination of hardware and software techniques that create the illusion of depth and dimensionality. This is typically done by rendering images with depth information, which is then displayed on a screen that can interpret this information to create a 3D effect. This can be achieved through various methods, such as stereoscopic 3D, where two slightly different images are shown to each eye, or through parallax techniques that use motion to create depth perception.

The use of 3D effects on computers has seen significant growth due to advancements in graphics processing units (GPUs) and display technologies. According to a report by Grand View Research, the global 3D printing market size was valued at USD 11.2 billion in 2020 and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 20.1% from 2021 to 2028. This growth is driven by the increasing demand for 3D content in various industries, including entertainment, gaming, and design.

In the context of computer graphics, the 3D effect is primarily achieved through the following steps:

1. 3D Modeling: This involves creating a 3D representation of an object or scene using software tools. The model is composed of vertices, edges, and faces that define its shape and structure.

2. Rendering: The 3D model is then rendered into a 2D image with depth information. This process involves calculating the lighting, shadows, and textures that give the object its appearance and depth.

3. Display: The rendered image is displayed on a screen. Modern displays can handle 3D content through various methods, such as active shutter glasses, polarized glasses, or autostereoscopic displays that do not require glasses.

4. Stereoscopic 3D: This technique involves displaying two slightly different images, one for each eye, which are then viewed through special glasses that synchronize with the display. The brain combines these images to perceive depth.

5. Parallax: This technique uses the motion of the viewer or the object to create depth perception. It is commonly used in interactive applications and mobile devices.

The use of 3D effects on computers has several benefits. It enhances the visual appeal of content, provides a more immersive experience, and can be used for educational and training purposes. For example, in medical education, 3D models can be used to simulate surgeries and understand complex anatomical structures. In entertainment, 3D movies and games offer a more engaging experience, with studies showing that 3D content can increase viewer engagement and satisfaction.

However, there are also challenges associated with 3D effects on computers. These include the need for specialized hardware and software, potential eye strain, and the cost of production. Despite these challenges, the demand for 3D content continues to grow, driven by technological advancements and the increasing availability of 3D-capable devices.