The most suitable woods for furniture making in the United States include oak, maple, cherry, walnut, and mahogany. These woods are favored for their durability, aesthetic appeal, and workability. Oak, for instance, is renowned for its strength and resistance to wear, making it ideal for heavy-duty furniture. Maple is another popular choice due to its fine grain and light color, which allows for a wide range of finishes. Cherry and walnut offer rich, dark tones that add depth to furniture designs. Mahogany, while more expensive, is prized for its rich color and ease of finishing.

The preference for these woods is based on several factors. Oak, for example, has a Janka hardness rating of 1,360 lbf (pounds-force), which is one of the highest among common furniture woods. This high hardness rating ensures that oak furniture can withstand heavy use and maintain its structural integrity over time. Maple, with a Janka rating of 1,450 lbf, is also highly durable and is often used in high-traffic areas. Cherry and walnut, with Janka ratings of 950 lbf and 1,010 lbf respectively, offer a balance of strength and beauty. Mahogany, with a Janka rating of 2,070 lbf, is one of the hardest woods commonly used in furniture making, which contributes to its longevity and resistance to dents and scratches.

According to the American Hardwood Export Council (AHEC), hardwoods account for approximately 70% of all wood used in furniture manufacturing in the United States. This preference for hardwoods is driven by their superior performance characteristics and aesthetic qualities. The AHEC also notes that the demand for American hardwoods has been growing, with a particular interest in species like oak, maple, and cherry due to their versatility and sustainability. These woods are not only durable but also contribute to the overall quality and longevity of furniture pieces, making them a preferred choice among furniture manufacturers and consumers alike.