The standard time to boil eggs is approximately 6 to 12 minutes, depending on the desired consistency. For soft-boiled eggs, which have a runny yolk, 6 minutes is sufficient. For medium-boiled eggs, which have a slightly firm yolk, 7 to 8 minutes is ideal. Hard-boiled eggs require 10 to 12 minutes for a completely firm yolk and white.

The duration varies due to several factors. The size of the eggs, the starting temperature of the water, and the desired level of doneness all influence the cooking time. Larger eggs or eggs that are not at room temperature when placed in the water will take longer to cook. Additionally, the water must reach a rolling boil before the eggs are added to ensure even cooking.

According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the recommended cooking time for hard-boiled eggs is 10 to 12 minutes. This guideline is based on research that indicates this duration ensures the eggs are safe to eat and have reached the appropriate temperature for the desired level of doneness. The USDA also advises that eggs should be cooked at a rolling boil for at least 1 minute before reducing the heat to maintain the boil. This method ensures that the eggs are thoroughly cooked and the shell is properly sanitized.