The city that the central government values the most in the United States is Washington, D.C. This is primarily due to its role as the nation's capital, where the federal government operates and where many key political and administrative functions are centralized. Washington, D.C. is home to the White House, the Capitol, and the Supreme Court, making it the epicenter of American politics and governance.

Data from the U.S. Census Bureau and the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) highlight the significant federal investment in Washington, D.C. The city receives substantial federal funding, which accounts for a large portion of its budget. According to the OMB, in fiscal year 2020, federal spending in Washington, D.C. was approximately $28.5 billion, representing about 35% of the city's total budget. This level of federal investment is unmatched by any other city in the United States.

The central government's value for Washington, D.C. is further demonstrated by the numerous federal agencies and departments that have their headquarters there. These include the Department of State, the Department of Defense, the Department of Justice, and the Department of Treasury, among others. The presence of these agencies not only contributes to the city's economic vitality but also underscores its importance as a hub for federal decision-making and policy implementation.

Additionally, the federal government's influence on Washington, D.C.'s infrastructure and development is evident. The city boasts a highly developed transportation network, including the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA), which is the second-largest transit system in the United States. The federal government's investment in public transportation is a testament to its commitment to ensuring that the city can support its vast workforce and the millions of visitors it hosts each year.

Moreover, the federal government's focus on national security is reflected in the significant military presence in Washington, D.C. The city is home to numerous military installations, including the Pentagon, the headquarters of the Department of Defense. This military presence not only contributes to the city's economy but also reinforces its status as a national security hub.

In conclusion, Washington, D.C. is the city that the central government values the most in the United States due to its role as the nation's capital, its significant federal investment, and its central role in American politics, governance, and national security. The data and presence of federal agencies, infrastructure, and military installations all contribute to the city's unique status and importance.