The ideal brewing time for a kettle is typically between 3 to 5 minutes. This duration ensures that the water reaches the optimal temperature for brewing coffee or tea, which is around 195°F to 205°F (90°C to 96°C). The precise brewing time can vary depending on the type of kettle used, the desired strength of the beverage, and the water's initial temperature.

The reason for this range is rooted in the science of brewing. Water temperature significantly affects the extraction of flavors from coffee grounds or tea leaves. If the water is too hot, it can over-extract the grounds, leading to a bitter taste. Conversely, if the water is too cool, it may under-extract, resulting in a weak flavor. The brewing time allows the water to heat up to the ideal temperature and then extract the flavors from the grounds or leaves before the water cools down too much. According to a study published in the Journal of Food Science, the optimal brewing temperature for coffee is around 200°F (93°C), which aligns with the recommended brewing time of 3 to 5 minutes.