In the debate between Lignum Vitae and Ebony, the superior choice often hinges on the intended use. Lignum Vitae is typically considered better for applications requiring exceptional durability and resistance to wear, while Ebony is favored for its aesthetic appeal and workability.

Lignum Vitae, known as "Ironwood," is renowned for its extreme hardness and density, making it one of the hardest woods in the world. It has a Janka hardness rating of 5,000 lbf (pounds-force), which is significantly higher than Ebony's rating of around 2,780 lbf. This makes Lignum Vitae ideal for high-wear items like bearings, gears, and mechanical parts where longevity and resistance to wear are paramount. Additionally, Lignum Vitae is naturally oilier and more resistant to moisture, which contributes to its durability.

On the other hand, Ebony is prized for its rich black color, fine grain, and exceptional workability. It is a dense wood with a smooth finish, which makes it popular for crafting musical instruments, fine furniture, and high-end woodworking projects. Ebony's workability is due to its lack of grain and the presence of a natural oil that prevents cracking and warping. While Ebony is not as hard as Lignum Vitae, its aesthetic qualities and ease of use often outweigh the need for extreme hardness in many applications.

Data from the Janka hardness test, which measures the force required to embed a .444-inch steel ball into a wood sample to half its diameter, provides a clear indication of the relative hardness of these woods. Lignum Vitae's significantly higher Janka rating demonstrates its superior durability and resistance to wear, making it the better choice for applications where these characteristics are essential. However, for projects where appearance and workability are more critical, Ebony's unique aesthetic and ease of use make it the preferred option.