The best type of pine wood for general use is Southern Yellow Pine (SYP). This species is highly regarded for its strength, durability, and workability, making it a popular choice for construction, furniture, and other applications. Southern Yellow Pine is known for its straight grain, which contributes to its structural integrity and resistance to warping and twisting.

The preference for Southern Yellow Pine is supported by various factors. Firstly, it has a high modulus of elasticity, which means it can withstand bending and stretching without breaking. This property is crucial for construction materials, as it ensures the longevity and stability of structures. According to the American Wood Council, Southern Yellow Pine has a modulus of elasticity of approximately 1.5 million psi, which is higher than many other pine species.

Secondly, Southern Yellow Pine has a high specific gravity, which is a measure of its density. A higher specific gravity indicates greater strength and resistance to decay. The specific gravity of SYP is around 0.48, which is higher than that of other pine species like Eastern White Pine (0.42). This makes it more suitable for heavy-duty applications where durability is a priority.

Additionally, Southern Yellow Pine is widely available and cost-effective. It is one of the most abundant tree species in the United States, particularly in the southern states, which contributes to its affordability. The abundance of this species ensures a steady supply of high-quality timber for various industries.

Furthermore, Southern Yellow Pine has excellent workability, making it easy to saw, nail, and machine. This property is beneficial for manufacturers and craftsmen who require flexibility in their projects. The American Hardwood Export Council reports that SYP is one of the most versatile woods in terms of processing, which adds to its appeal in the woodworking industry.

In conclusion, Southern Yellow Pine is the best type of pine wood for general use due to its strength, durability, workability, and cost-effectiveness. Its high modulus of elasticity, specific gravity, and wide availability make it an ideal choice for construction, furniture, and other applications.