Glass is more dense than porcelain. While both materials are commonly used in everyday items, glass has a higher density due to its composition and manufacturing process. Porcelain, on the other hand, is a type of ceramic with a lower density. The density of glass typically ranges from 2.2 to 2.8 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³), whereas porcelain density is generally between 2.0 and 2.3 g/cm³. This difference in density is a result of the materials' chemical compositions and the way they are formed.

Glass is primarily composed of silica (silicon dioxide), soda ash (sodium carbonate), and limestone (calcium carbonate). During the manufacturing process, these ingredients are melted together at high temperatures, forming a liquid that is then cooled and solidified. This process creates a dense, solid material with a high melting point and excellent resistance to heat and chemicals.

Porcelain, on the other hand, is made from a mixture of kaolin, ball clay, and feldspar. These ingredients are finely ground, mixed with water, and then shaped into the desired form. The mixture is then fired at high temperatures, which causes the materials to vitrify and form a hard, durable ceramic. While porcelain is also a ceramic, its lower density is due to the lower melting points of its components and the less rigorous firing process compared to glass.

The density difference between glass and porcelain can be observed in their physical properties. Glass is heavier and feels more solid when compared to porcelain of the same size. This is because glass has a higher mass per unit volume. Additionally, glass is more resistant to scratching and can withstand higher temperatures without cracking or shattering. Porcelain, while still durable, is more prone to chipping and cracking, especially when exposed to sudden temperature changes.

In conclusion, glass is more dense than porcelain due to its composition and manufacturing process. The higher density of glass contributes to its strength, durability, and resistance to heat and chemicals, making it a preferred material for various applications, such as windows, bottles, and cookware. Porcelain, while also a durable ceramic, has a lower density, which affects its physical properties and makes it more susceptible to damage.