In terms of preciousness, rosewood is generally considered more valuable than catalpa. This is primarily due to the rarity, demand, and legal restrictions surrounding rosewood, which are not as stringent for catalpa.

Rosewood, belonging to the genus Dalbergia, is highly sought after for its rich grain, durability, and aesthetic appeal. It is used in high-end furniture, musical instruments, and decorative items. The demand for rosewood has surged in recent years, particularly in Asia, where it is used in traditional crafts and luxury goods. However, the overharvesting of rosewood has led to its classification as an endangered species under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). This has resulted in strict regulations on its trade, making it more valuable and difficult to obtain legally.

On the other hand, catalpa, known for its fast growth and large size, is a common species in many parts of the world. While it has some uses in construction and furniture making, it is not as highly valued as rosewood. The catalpa tree is not protected under CITES, and its trade is not subject to the same legal restrictions as rosewood. This abundance and lower demand contribute to catalpa being less precious compared to rosewood.

Data from the CITES trade database shows that the volume of rosewood imports has significantly decreased since the implementation of stricter regulations. For example, in 2016, the United States imported 1,818 metric tons of rosewood, whereas in 2020, this figure dropped to 1,045 metric tons. In contrast, catalpa logs and sawn wood imports have remained relatively stable over the years, with the United States importing an average of 2,000 to 3,000 metric tons annually.

In conclusion, rosewood is more precious than catalpa due to its rarity, demand, and legal restrictions. The high value of rosewood is a direct result of its endangered status and the strict regulations governing its trade, which are not applicable to catalpa.