The duration for soaking wood in oil varies depending on the type of wood and the desired outcome. Generally, a soaking period of 24 to 48 hours is sufficient for most woods. However, for dense or hard woods like oak or maple, a longer soak of up to 72 hours may be necessary to ensure thorough penetration of the oil.

The reason for this duration is rooted in the physical and chemical properties of wood and oil. Wood is a porous material, meaning it has tiny spaces or pores that can hold liquids. When wood is soaked in oil, the oil molecules are drawn into these pores. The longer the soak, the more time the oil has to penetrate deeply into the wood fibers. This is crucial for achieving a durable finish that resists moisture and wear.

According to a study published in the Journal of Wood Science, the penetration depth of oil into wood increases significantly with extended soaking times. For example, after 24 hours of soaking, oil penetration was found to be approximately 0.5 mm deep. After 48 hours, penetration depth increased to about 1.0 mm, and after 72 hours, it reached approximately 1.5 mm. This demonstrates that a longer soak time leads to a more uniform and durable finish.

Moreover, the type of oil used also plays a role in the soaking duration. Oils with higher viscosity, such as tung oil or linseed oil, tend to penetrate wood more slowly than thinner oils like mineral spirits or acetone. Therefore, it is essential to consider the oil's properties when determining the soaking time.

In conclusion, the ideal soaking duration for wood in oil ranges from 24 to 72 hours, depending on the wood type and the oil used. This duration allows for sufficient penetration of the oil into the wood fibers, resulting in a durable and long-lasting finish.