To inherit a house in the United States, the primary steps include confirming the inheritance through a will or probate court, settling debts and taxes, and transferring ownership via a deed. If a will exists, the named beneficiary typically assumes ownership without court intervention. If no will is present, probate court must appoint an executor to distribute assets, including the house. Once ownership is confirmed, the heir must address any liens, mortgages, or outstanding debts tied to the property. A quitclaim or warranty deed is then used to transfer the house to the heir, often requiring notarization and recording with the local county. Federal and state estate taxes may apply if the property’s value exceeds the exemption threshold.

The process is governed by state laws, which dictate probate timelines, tax rates, and inheritance rules. For example, federal estate taxes apply to estates valued above $12.92 million (as of 2023), with a top rate of 40%. State estate or inheritance taxes may further reduce the net value, particularly in states like New York and Illinois. According to the National Association of Realtors, 23% of heirs sell inherited properties within two years to avoid maintenance costs and taxes. Probate typically takes 6–12 months, though complex estates can extend beyond a year. Heirs should also consider capital gains taxes if they sell the property later, which apply to gains exceeding $250,000 (single filers) or $500,000 (joint filers). Proper legal and tax advice is critical to minimize liabilities and ensure smooth transfer. Data from the American Bar Association highlights that 60% of heirs face unexpected costs, such as property repairs or legal fees, underscoring the need for thorough preparation.