To determine the orientation of a residential property, use a compass or digital tool to identify the primary direction the structure faces. South-facing properties typically receive the most direct sunlight, maximizing natural light and solar potential. North-facing homes usually have less sunlight exposure, while east and west-facing properties experience transitional light. Check for physical indicators like window placement, roof slope, or neighboring structures. Online tools such as Google Earth’s sunlight analysis or property listing details often specify orientation.

Orientation significantly impacts energy efficiency, comfort, and property value. South-facing homes in the Northern Hemisphere can reduce heating and cooling costs by up to 20% due to consistent sunlight exposure, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. A 2021 study by the University of California found that south-facing residential properties in California sold 8-12% faster and at 5-7% higher prices compared to north-facing ones. Natural light reduces artificial lighting needs, lowering energy bills by 10-15%, as reported by the International Energy Agency. Additionally, solar panel efficiency increases by 10-25% on south-facing roofs, cutting electricity costs further. Property appraisers often factor in orientation, with Zillow data showing a 3-5% premium for homes with optimal sunlight exposure. These factors collectively enhance livability and long-term value, making orientation a critical consideration for homeowners and developers.