To address severe western exposure, designers prioritize three strategies: maximizing shading to reduce solar heat gain, incorporating thermal mass to absorb and release heat efficiently, and optimizing building orientation to minimize direct sunlight exposure. Overhangs, pergolas, and louvers are commonly used to block afternoon sun, while materials like concrete or stone enhance thermal mass. Rotating structures 15-30 degrees to align with cardinal directions helps distribute sunlight more evenly. Ventilation systems and reflective roofing materials further mitigate heat buildup.

These approaches are critical because western-facing buildings face 20-30% higher cooling demands compared to east-facing ones, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. Shading reduces peak heat gain by up to 50%, cutting energy costs by 7-15% annually. Thermal mass materials lower indoor temperatures by 5-10°F during the day, reducing AC usage. A 2021 study in Energy and Buildings found that optimal orientation reduced cooling energy consumption by 18% in arid climates. Ventilation strategies save 10-20% on HVAC costs by leveraging natural airflow, while reflective roofing decreases surface temperatures by 30-40°F. Collectively, these measures can lower total energy use by 25-35%, as reported by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Proper design not only enhances comfort but also aligns with net-zero energy goals, particularly in regions like the southwestern U.S. where western exposure dominates.