To check a computer's configuration and model, use built-in tools like System Information (Windows) or System Report (macOS). In Windows, open the Start menu, type "System Information," and navigate to "Hardware" or "System Model." For macOS, click the Apple logo > "About This Mac" > "System Report." Linux users can run `lscpu` and `hostname -m` in the terminal. Additionally, command-line utilities like `dmidecode` (Windows/Linux) or `sw信息` (macOS) provide detailed hardware specs.

Checking computer configuration and model is critical for troubleshooting, compatibility testing, and security audits. For example, businesses often use this data to ensure hardware meets software requirements, reducing downtime. A 2023 Gartner report noted that 35% of IT outages stem from misconfigured hardware, underscoring the need for accurate documentation. Security breaches linked to outdated or misconfigured systems are also prevalent; the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) reported that 60% of 2022 breaches involved unpatched or misconfigured devices. Tools like Microsoft SCCM or Tanium automate configuration management, improving compliance and reducing risks. Additionally, organizations like the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) mandate hardware inventory checks to align with frameworks like SP 800-171, ensuring data protection. Accurate configuration data helps optimize energy use (e.g., EPA estimates 30% power savings with proper server configurations) and extends hardware lifespan. In summary, systematic checks prevent financial losses, enhance security, and support operational efficiency.