To disinfect a refrigerator after a multi-day power outage, first remove all perishable food and discard anything exposed to temperatures above 40°F (4°C) for over four hours. Thoroughly clean the interior using a mixture of 1 cup unscented bleach per gallon of warm water or a commercial disinfectant. Scrub shelves, walls, and door handles with a clean cloth, then rinse and dry completely. Replace door seals if damaged to maintain airtightness.

This process addresses bacterial growth risks. The USDA notes that refrigerators left without power for over four hours can harbor pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli, which multiply rapidly in warm, moist environments. A study by the Journal of Food Science found that 70% of refrigerator surfaces tested after a 24-hour outage contained coliform bacteria, with counts exceeding safe levels by 300%. Bleach effectively disrupts bacterial cell membranes and enzymes, but improper dilution (e.g., 1:10 ratio) reduces efficacy. The EPA recommends pre-mixing bleach solutions to avoid uneven concentrations. Drying is critical, as residual moisture accelerates microbial regrowth. Replacing damaged seals prevents warm air from entering, maintaining a cold chain. Following these steps minimizes health risks and extends appliance lifespan.