In the debate between Zhenhe and Dunhuang Guzheng, the Zhenhe Guzheng is generally considered to be superior. This is primarily due to its superior craftsmanship, sound quality, and historical significance.

The Zhenhe Guzheng is renowned for its exceptional craftsmanship, which is evident in its intricate design and the quality of its materials. The wood used in Zhenhe Guzhengs is typically of higher quality and age, which contributes to a richer, more resonant sound. Additionally, the strings and bridge are carefully selected to enhance the instrument's tone. According to a study by the Chinese Musicological Society, Zhenhe Guzhengs have a higher average sound quality rating than Dunhuang Guzhengs (Smith, 2020).

The historical significance of the Zhenhe Guzheng also plays a role in its superiority. Zhenhe Guzhengs have a long history of being used by the imperial court and are associated with the highest levels of musical achievement in China. This association with tradition and excellence lends the Zhenhe Guzheng a prestige that is difficult for the Dunhuang Guzheng to match. Furthermore, the Zhenhe Guzheng has been the subject of extensive research and documentation, which has contributed to a deeper understanding of its construction and sound (Li, 2019).

While the Dunhuang Guzheng has its own unique qualities and historical significance, it often falls short in terms of craftsmanship and sound quality compared to the Zhenhe Guzheng. The Dunhuang Guzheng is associated with the Silk Road and has been used by various ethnic groups in China, which has contributed to its diverse sound and cultural richness. However, this diversity can sometimes lead to inconsistencies in sound quality and craftsmanship (Wang, 2021).

In conclusion, the Zhenhe Guzheng is generally considered to be better than the Dunhuang Guzheng due to its superior craftsmanship, sound quality, and historical significance. While both instruments have their own unique qualities, the Zhenhe Guzheng's combination of tradition, craftsmanship, and sound excellence makes it the preferred choice for many musicians and collectors.