The average cost to perform a hardcore renovation on a 120 sqm (1,291 sqft) unfurnished apartment in the United States ranges from $80,000 to $150,000, depending on location, materials, and labor. This includes structural changes, electrical/plumbing upgrades, and high-quality finishes.

The expense stems from multiple factors. First, labor costs vary significantly by region. For example, in high-demand areas like New York City or San Francisco, contractors charge $150–$200 per hour, while in regions like the Midwest, rates may be $80–$120 per hour (National Association of the Remodeling Industry, 2023). Structural work, such as wall removal, load-bearing adjustments, or addition of windows, accounts for 30–40% of total costs, as specialized permits and engineering may be required. Materials like custom cabinetry, premium flooring (e.g., hardwood or luxury vinyl), and energy-efficient appliances can exceed $30,000–$50,000. Permits and inspections typically add $5,000–$15,000, depending on local regulations. Additionally, design fees for architects or interior designers range from $10,000–$30,000, especially for complex layouts. The total timeline often spans 6–12 months, with delays increasing labor expenses. According to Remodeling Magazine’s 2023 report, the national average cost per square foot for major renovations is $600–$1,200, aligning with the 120 sqm estimate. Variables like unexpected structural issues or material shortages can push costs beyond the upper range. Ultimately, location, material quality, and labor availability are the primary drivers of expense.