In the debate of rosewood versus ebony wood, ebony tends to be considered superior for several reasons. Ebony is renowned for its exceptional hardness, durability, and rich, dark color, making it a favorite among luthiers and woodworkers. Rosewood, while also highly valued, is softer and more prone to cracking, which can be a significant drawback for instruments that require a high degree of precision and longevity.

According to the Wood Database, the Janka hardness test measures the force required to embed a .444-inch steel ball into wood to half its diameter. Ebony scores an impressive 3,220 lbf (pounds-force), which is significantly higher than rosewood's score of 2,070 lbf. This indicates that ebony is more resistant to wear and tear, making it a better choice for instruments that are subjected to frequent use and handling.

Durability is another critical factor, and ebony excels in this area as well. Its dense grain structure and high oil content contribute to its resistance to moisture and insects, which can be detrimental to the longevity of wooden instruments. Rosewood, while also durable, is more susceptible to environmental changes, which can lead to warping, cracking, or splitting over time.

Additionally, the aesthetic appeal of ebony cannot be overlooked. Its deep, dark color and straight grain pattern provide a classic and sophisticated look that is highly sought after in musical instruments. Rosewood, on the other hand, comes in various shades and grain patterns, which can be more variable and less uniform than ebony.

In summary, while both rosewood and ebony are highly prized woods, ebony is generally considered better due to its superior hardness, durability, and aesthetic qualities. These factors make it the preferred choice for many luthiers and woodworkers when crafting instruments that require a high level of quality and longevity.