Granite is more brittle than tile. This is primarily due to the differences in their compositions and structures. Granite is an igneous rock composed of quartz, feldspar, and mica, which are interlocked in a crystalline structure. This interlocking of minerals provides granite with a high degree of strength and durability, but it also makes it more brittle. When subjected to stress, granite is more likely to fracture along its mineral grain boundaries.

In contrast, tile is typically made from ceramic materials, which are composed of clay, sand, and other minerals. These materials are fired at high temperatures to harden them. The ceramic composition of tile results in a dense, non-porous structure that is less likely to fracture under stress. While tile can still be brittle, it is generally less so than granite.

Data from the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) supports this analysis. The ASTM C666 test measures the compressive strength of materials, which is a measure of their ability to withstand pressure without breaking. According to ASTM data, granite typically has a compressive strength ranging from 10,000 to 20,000 pounds per square inch (psi), while ceramic tile has a compressive strength ranging from 2,000 to 5,000 psi. This significant difference in compressive strength indicates that granite is more brittle than tile.

Additionally, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of granite is higher than that of tile. This means that granite expands and contracts more when exposed to temperature changes, which can lead to cracking. Tile, on the other hand, has a lower CTE, making it more resistant to cracking due to temperature fluctuations.

In conclusion, granite is more brittle than tile due to its crystalline structure, higher compressive strength, and greater coefficient of thermal expansion. These factors make granite more susceptible to fracturing under stress and temperature changes, while tile maintains a more durable and less brittle nature.