The best water pipe material, based on durability, heat retention, and flavor, is typically glass. Glass pipes are favored for their non-porous nature, which prevents the absorption of flavors and odors, ensuring a pure taste with each use. Additionally, glass is a poor conductor of heat, which helps maintain a cooler smoking experience. According to a study published in the Journal of Analytical Toxicology, glass pipes are less likely to leach harmful chemicals into the smoke compared to metal pipes. This makes glass the superior choice for those looking for a clean, consistent, and enjoyable smoking experience.