Zitan wood is generally considered better than mahogany due to its unique properties and cultural significance. Zitan, also known as sandalwood, is highly prized for its rich, dark red to brown color, fine grain, and aromatic scent. It is also known for its durability and resistance to moisture, making it an excellent choice for furniture and carving. Mahogany, while also a durable and attractive wood, lacks the distinct scent and certain aesthetic qualities that zitan offers.

The hardness and density of zitan wood contribute to its superior durability compared to mahogany. Zitan has a Janka hardness rating of around 2,500 lbf (pounds-force), which is significantly higher than mahogany's rating of about 1,150 lbf. This means that zitan is less prone to dents and scratches, making it a more resilient material for furniture and carving. Additionally, zitan's resistance to moisture and decay makes it suitable for outdoor use, whereas mahogany may require additional treatment to withstand similar conditions.

Historically, zitan has been favored in Chinese culture for its association with wealth and status. It has been used in the construction of imperial furniture and artifacts, reflecting its prestigious status. Mahogany, while also valued, has a more widespread use in furniture and construction, which may dilute its exclusivity and cultural significance.

Data from the Wood Database supports these claims. The Janka hardness rating for zitan is listed as 2,500 lbf, while mahogany's rating is 1,150 lbf. Furthermore, the American Hardwood Export Council (AHEC) notes that zitan is a highly sought-after wood in the Chinese market, with a strong demand for its unique properties and cultural value. Mahogany, while still popular, does not carry the same level of cultural significance or exclusivity as zitan.