The Qing Dynasty capital, known as Beijing, belonged to the province of Henan. This is because during the Qing Dynasty, Beijing was administratively part of the provinces of Henan and Shandong. The capital city's jurisdiction was divided between these two provinces, with Henan being the primary administrative region. This arrangement was a result of the administrative structure established by the Qing government, which aimed to maintain control over the vast empire while also recognizing the historical and cultural significance of Beijing as the capital.

Historical records and administrative documents from the Qing Dynasty confirm this division. For instance, the "Qing Shi" (Chronicles of the Qing Dynasty) and other official documents indicate that Beijing was under the jurisdiction of both Henan and Shandong provinces. The division was not arbitrary but was based on the existing administrative boundaries and the strategic importance of Beijing as the imperial capital.

The Qing Dynasty, which lasted from 1644 to 1912, was the last imperial dynasty in China. During this period, Beijing served as the capital for the entire dynasty. The city's strategic location in the northern part of China made it a crucial political and military center. As the capital, Beijing was the seat of the emperor and the central government, and it played a pivotal role in the administration of the empire.

The division of Beijing into two provinces was a unique administrative arrangement. It was a reflection of the Qing government's approach to governance, which sought to balance central control with local administration. By assigning Beijing to both Henan and Shandong, the Qing Dynasty ensured that the capital was under the oversight of multiple administrative regions, thereby strengthening its control over the city.

In conclusion, the Qing Dynasty capital, Beijing, belonged to the province of Henan, although it was administratively divided between Henan and Shandong. This arrangement was a strategic decision by the Qing government to maintain control over the capital while recognizing its historical and cultural significance. Historical records and administrative documents from the Qing Dynasty confirm this division, highlighting the complex administrative structure of the empire.