Wuwei, a city in Gansu Province, China, is surrounded by the majestic mountains of the Loess Plateau. The most prominent mountain range surrounding Wuwei is the Longwang Mountain, which translates to Dragon King Mountain. This mountain range is part of the Lüliang Mountains, a sub-range of the Loess Plateau. The Longwang Mountains stretch for approximately 200 kilometers and offer a stunning backdrop to the city of Wuwei.

The significance of the Longwang Mountains in Wuwei is multifaceted. Firstly, the mountain range provides a natural barrier that protects the city from harsh winds and sandstorms, which are common in the region. This natural shield is crucial for the city's climate and agriculture. Secondly, the mountains are rich in natural resources, including coal, which has been a major source of energy for the region. According to the Gansu Provincial Bureau of Coal Industry, coal reserves in the Longwang Mountains are estimated to be around 2.6 billion tons.

Moreover, the Longwang Mountains are of great cultural and historical importance. They are home to numerous ancient sites, including the Mogao Caves, which are a UNESCO World Heritage site. These caves contain thousands of Buddhist art and historical artifacts, showcasing the rich cultural heritage of the region. The presence of these historical sites attracts tourists from around the world, contributing significantly to the local economy.

The Longwang Mountains also play a crucial role in the ecological balance of the region. They act as a natural water source, providing vital water for irrigation and drinking purposes. The mountains are a habitat for various wildlife species, including the endangered Chinese alligator and the golden jackal. According to the Gansu Provincial Forestry Department, the forest cover in the Longwang Mountains has increased from 15% in the 1950s to over 30% in recent years, thanks to reforestation efforts.

In conclusion, Wuwei is surrounded by the Longwang Mountains, which offer protection, natural resources, cultural heritage, and ecological balance to the region. The significance of these mountains is not only geographical but also cultural, historical, and ecological, making them an integral part of Wuwei's identity and development.