To boil eggs in an electric steamer pot, the general guideline is to steam them for about 12 to 15 minutes for a soft-boiled egg and 18 to 20 minutes for a hard-boiled egg. The duration can vary slightly depending on the size of the eggs and the power of the steamer pot. It's important to note that the eggs should not be overcooked, as this can result in rubbery yolks or tough whites.

The reason for these specific times lies in the science of heat and protein denaturation. When eggs are heated, the proteins within them begin to denature, which is the process of unfolding and reconfiguring the protein structure. In a soft-boiled egg, the goal is to cook the whites thoroughly while keeping the yolk runny. This is achieved by cooking the egg for a shorter period, allowing the yolk to remain liquid. Conversely, for a hard-boiled egg, the whites and yolks need to be fully cooked, which requires a longer cooking time. The temperature and pressure inside an electric steamer pot are designed to provide a consistent and even heat distribution, which is crucial for achieving the desired level of doneness without overcooking.

According to the USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service, eggs should be cooked to an internal temperature of 160°F (71°C) to ensure they are safe to eat. The cooking time in an electric steamer pot helps to achieve this temperature without the need for constant monitoring, as the pot maintains a steady heat. Additionally, the steam environment inside the pot helps to preserve the texture and flavor of the eggs, making them a popular choice for cooking them at home.

In summary, the recommended cooking times for eggs in an electric steamer pot are 12 to 15 minutes for soft-boiled and 18 to 20 minutes for hard-boiled eggs. These times are based on the principles of protein denaturation and the need to achieve a safe internal temperature while maintaining the desired texture and flavor.