Lignum Vitae is generally considered better than Ebony due to its exceptional hardness and durability. While both woods are highly prized for their beauty and rarity, Lignum Vitae surpasses Ebony in terms of density and resistance to wear and tear.

Lignum Vitae, often referred to as "Ironwood," is the hardest wood in the world, with a Janka hardness rating of 5,000 lbf (pounds-force). This rating is significantly higher than Ebony's Janka rating of 2,420 lbf. The higher hardness of Lignum Vitae makes it more resistant to scratches, dents, and wear, making it an ideal choice for high-end furniture, musical instruments, and other applications where durability is crucial. Additionally, Lignum Vitae is highly resistant to water and corrosion, which further enhances its longevity.

On the other hand, Ebony is known for its deep black color and rich grain, which are highly sought after in fine woodworking. However, its lower hardness and density make it more susceptible to damage over time. While Ebony can be used in high-quality furniture and musical instruments, it may not be as long-lasting as Lignum Vitae.

Data from the Janka hardness test, which is a standardized measure of wood hardness, clearly demonstrates the superiority of Lignum Vitae over Ebony. The Janka hardness rating is a measure of the force required to embed a .444-inch steel ball halfway into a wood sample. A higher rating indicates a harder wood. In this case, Lignum Vitae's rating of 5,000 lbf is more than twice that of Ebony's rating of 2,420 lbf. This significant difference in hardness underscores the practical advantages of Lignum Vitae in terms of durability and resistance to damage.

Furthermore, the durability of Lignum Vitae is not just a matter of hardness; it also has a high oil content, which contributes to its natural resistance to moisture and decay. This makes Lignum Vitae an excellent choice for outdoor furniture and other applications where exposure to the elements is a concern.

In conclusion, while both Lignum Vitae and Ebony are exceptional woods with unique qualities, Lignum Vitae is the superior choice due to its unparalleled hardness, durability, and resistance to wear and tear. Its natural properties make it an ideal material for high-end applications where longevity and resilience are paramount.