The first high school entrance exam in the United States was implemented in New York and Connecticut. This significant development in American education occurred in the late 19th century, marking a shift towards standardized testing for college admissions. The origins of this practice can be traced back to the early 1870s when both states introduced entrance exams for their public high schools. This move was influenced by the growing emphasis on meritocracy and the desire to ensure that students entering higher education were well-prepared.

The New York State Education Department was one of the first to establish a standardized entrance exam for high schools in 1873. The exam was designed to assess students' knowledge in various subjects, including mathematics, language arts, and science. Similarly, Connecticut followed suit in 1874, implementing a similar system. These exams were a response to the increasing number of students seeking higher education and the need to ensure that they possessed the necessary academic qualifications.

The introduction of these entrance exams was driven by several factors. Firstly, there was a growing concern about the quality of education provided in high schools. As more students sought to attend college, there was a need to ensure that they were adequately prepared. Standardized entrance exams provided a means to assess students' abilities and ensure that they met the necessary academic standards.

Secondly, the entrance exams were seen as a way to promote meritocracy. By requiring students to pass an exam to enter high school, the system aimed to ensure that only the most qualified students were admitted. This was a significant shift from the previous system, which often relied on recommendations and social status for admission.

Data from the time supports the impact of these entrance exams. For instance, a report from the New York State Education Department in 1873 noted that the number of students taking the entrance exam had increased significantly, indicating the growing acceptance and importance of standardized testing. Similarly, in Connecticut, the number of students taking the entrance exam also rose, reflecting the state's commitment to ensuring high academic standards.

In conclusion, New York and Connecticut were the first states in the United States to implement high school entrance exams. This significant development in American education was driven by the need to ensure high academic standards and promote meritocracy. The introduction of these exams marked the beginning of a standardized testing system that would become a hallmark of American higher education.