In the debate between Ebony and African Mahogany, Ebony is generally considered superior due to its exceptional hardness, durability, and aesthetic appeal. Ebony is one of the hardest woods in the world, making it highly resistant to wear and tear, which is particularly important for furniture and musical instruments. Its rich, dark black color and fine grain also contribute to its desirability in high-end woodworking projects.

According to the Janka Hardness Scale, which measures the resistance of wood to indentation, Ebony scores an impressive 3,200 pounds-force, significantly higher than African Mahogany's score of around 1,290 pounds-force. This means Ebony is over twice as hard as African Mahogany, making it more suitable for applications where durability is crucial. Additionally, Ebony's density and stability make it less prone to warping and cracking, which is a common issue with softer woods like African Mahogany.

Furthermore, Ebony's unique color and grain pattern are highly sought after in the woodworking industry. Its deep, almost jet-black hue contrasts beautifully with lighter woods, and its tight, straight grain adds a sense of elegance to any piece. While African Mahogany is also a dark wood, it tends to have a more reddish tint and a less uniform grain, which can be a drawback in certain design applications.

In terms of sustainability, it's important to note that Ebony is a protected species in many countries, making it illegal to trade or use in some regions. African Mahogany, on the other hand, is more readily available and often comes from sustainable sources. However, the environmental impact of both woods should be carefully considered, as deforestation and illegal logging are significant concerns.

In conclusion, while African Mahogany is a versatile and attractive wood, Ebony's superior hardness, durability, and aesthetic qualities make it the better choice for many high-end woodworking projects. Its unique properties make it a favorite among artisans and craftsmen who demand the highest quality materials.