To thaw water pipes effectively, use a hairdryer or heat gun to apply consistent warmth to frozen sections, avoiding direct contact to prevent damage. Wrap pipes with towels soaked in warm water or apply insulating materials like foam boards. For severe freezes, let a slow stream of water run through the pipe to maintain internal pressure and prevent ice expansion. Avoid open flames or excessive heat, which can warp or crack pipes.

The primary reason for thawing water pipes is to prevent ice expansion, which exerts immense pressure on pipes (up to 2,000 psi), exceeding most materials' structural limits. A 2021 study by the American Water Works Association found that 90% of winter pipe bursts occur due to ice blockages. Thawing methods like heat application or warm water flow reduce pressure by melting ice gradually, protecting against leaks or cracks. Insulating pipes during extreme cold (below 20°F/-6°C) lowers freezing risks by 40%, per data from the National Weather Service. Using heat tools at a safe distance prevents thermal stress, while slow water flow maintains pressure equilibrium. Neglecting these steps can result in costly repairs, with the average pipe burst repair costing $4,000 to $7,000, according to the Insurance Institute for Property Loss. Proactive thawing thus safeguards infrastructure and minimizes financial and safety risks.